연결 자 산기준 미국 100대 은행, 100대 은행, 금융계의 거물들, 은행 변동성

 

미국에서 가장 큰 100개의 은행들은 총 18조 8천억 달러의 연결 자산을 보유하고 있지만, 최근 실리콘 밸리 은행과 퍼스트 리퍼블릭과 같은 중간 규모 은행들의 파산은 은행권 전반에 걸쳐 우려를 불러일으키고 있습니다.

연방 준비 제도 이사회의 데이터를 사용한 이 시각적 자료는 연결 자산의 크기를 기준으로 미국의 100대 은행의 순위를 매깁니다.

FRB: Large Commercial Banks-- March 31, 2023

 

100대 은행

미국에서 가장 큰 은행은 자산이 3조 3천억 달러가 넘는 JP모건 체이스이며, 뱅크 오브 아메리카는 2조 5천억 달러로 2위에 뒤지고 있습니다. 다음은 수치에 대한 자세한 내용입니다:

Rank	Bank / Holding Co Name	Consolidated Assets ($ Millions)
#1	JP Morgan Chase Bank	$3,267,963
#2	Bank of America	$2,518,290
#3	Citibank	$1,721,547
#4	Wells Fargo	$1,687,507
#5	US Bancorp	$590,460
#6	Truist Bank	$564,837
#7	PNC Bank	$556,314
#8	Goldman Sachs	$490,799
#9	Capital One	$469,432
#10	TD Bank	$401,245
#11	Bank of NY Mellon	$341,455
#12	State Street	$287,069
#13	BMO Harris Bank	$265,446
#14	First Republic	$232,944
#15	Citizens Bank	$221,955
#16	First Citizens Bank	$214,599
#17	Fifth Third Bank	$207,586
#18	Morgan Stanely	$205,845
#19	Manufacturers and Traders Bank	$202,363
#20	Morgan Stanley Private Bank	$195,667
#21	Keybank	$195,191
#22	Huntington National Bank	$188,441
#23	Ally Bank	$186,383
#24	American Express	$165,450
#25	HSBC Bank USA	$164,492
#26	Regions Bank	$153,125
#27	Northern Trust	$150,573
#28	Discover Bank	$130,703
#29	Flagstar Bank	$123,633
#30	Santander Bank	$105,314
#31	MUFG Union Bank	$99,964
#32	City National Bank	$96,370
#33	Comerica Bank	$91,259
#34	Zions Bank	$88,574
#35	First Horizon Bank	$80,465
#36	Webster Bank	$74,793
#37	Western Alliance Bank	$70,986
#38	East West Bank	$67,219
#39	Valley National Bank	$64,314
#40	Synovus Bank	$61,726
#41	Umqua Bank	$53,986
#42	CIBC	$52,146
#43	Cadence Bank	$51,693
#44	Frost Bank	$51,286
#45	Old National Bank	$47,554
#46	BOK Financial	$45,269
#47	Pinnacle Bank	$44,988
#48	Southstate Bank	$44,903
#49	Pacific Western Bank	$44,255
#50	First National Bank of Pennsylvania	$44,132
#51	Raymond James Bank	$43,359
#52	Associated Bank	$40,653
#53	UMB Bank	$40,354
#54	Prosperity Bank	$37,829
#55	Hancock Whitney Bank	$37,525
#56	Barclays Bank	$37,352
#57	United Bank	$37,095
#58	TD Bank	$36,460
#59	Deutsche Bank	$36,103
#60	BNY Mellon	$31,945
#61	Commerce Bank	$31,853
#62	First Interest Bank	$31,565
#63	United Bank	$30,108
#64	Bank OZK	$28,971
#65	Firstbank	$28,764
#66	Texas Capital	$28,592
#67	First National Bank of Omaha	$28,393
#68	Glacier Bank	$27,785
#69	Simmons Bank	$27,538
#70	Fulton Bank	$26,996
#71	Arvest Bank	$26,946
#72	City National Bank of Florida	$26,204
#73	Ameris Bank	$25,991
#74	United Community Bank	$25,815
#75	First Hawaiian Bank	$24,883
#76	Bank of Hawaii	$23,904
#77	Eastern Bank	$22,702
#78	Centennial Bank	$22,452
#79	Washington Federal Bank	$22,320
#80	Cathay Bank	$22,016
#81	Customers Bank	$21,768
#82	Pacific Premier Bank	$21,362
#83	Stifel Banking and Lending	$20,969
#84	Bank of Hope	$20,564
#85	Atlantic Union Bank	$19,990
#86	Rockland Trust	$19,445
#87	Trustmark National Bank	$18,875
#88	Central Bancompany	$18,850
#89	DBA Independent Financial	$18,793
#90	First Merchants Bank	$18,165
#91	Mechanics Bank	$17,946
#92	Renasant Bank	$17,479
#93	Wesbanco	$17,237
#94	Tristate Capital Bank	$17,050
#95	First Financial Bank	$16,857
#96	Townebank	$16,730
#97	Bank of America	$16,550
#98	Wells Fargo	$16,473
#99	Citizens Bank	$16,271
#100	Bremer Bank	$15,763

 

1위와 2위를 합친 은행들은 이 목록에 있는 연결 자산의 약 30%를 차지합니다. 반면에, 가장 작은 은행은 158억 달러의 연결 자산을 가진 브레머 은행입니다. 이 목록의 맥락에서 볼 때 이것은 작은 것처럼 보이지만 실제로는 수천 개의 더 작은 상업 금융 기관이 있습니다.

많은 은행들이 2022년 말 마지막 연준 데이터 이후 순위가 크게 변경되었습니다. BMO Harris는 연결 자산 1,770억 달러에서 2,650억 달러로 50% 증가하면서 10단계 상승했습니다. 2월에, 그 은행은 샌프란시스코에 기반을 둔 서부 은행(이전에는 이 목록에서 34위)을 인수했습니다.

퍼스트 시티즌도 실리콘밸리 은행의 잔재 인수에 힘입어 순위가 30위에서 16위로 상승했습니다.

실리콘밸리 은행 충격적인 붕괴, SVB 뱅크런, SVB 붕괴 원인은 무엇인가?, 손실은 유동성 위기를 부

2023년 5월, First Horizon과 TD Bank의 합병 계획이 상호 종료되었습니다. 합병이 진행되었다면 TD Bank는 Capital One의 규모를 능가했을 것입니다.

 

금융계의 거물들

일반적으로 대형 은행은 유동성 측면에서 차용자에게 위험이 적고, 다양한 자산으로 막대한 금액을 보유하고 있는 반면, 소형 및 지역별 미국 은행은 오류에 대한 마진이 더 좁습니다. 그러나 기관의 대출 포트폴리오나 관리 방식과 같은 규모를 넘어서는 많은 다른 요인들이 위험에 노출됩니다.

은행 부문의 변동성은 더 넓은 경제에 영향을 미칠 것으로 예상됩니다. 예를 들어, 은행 대출 능력은 올해 1% 감소할 것으로 예상되며, IMF는 이 변화가 미국의 전체 GDP에서 거의 0.5% 포인트 감소할 것으로 예상합니다.

Bank Volatility to Cut U.S. Economic Growth, IMF Says

가장 큰 은행들은 금리 상승에 따른 압박의 결과로 부실 대출이 예상되어 수십억 달러를 적립했습니다. JP Morgan Chase는 현재 23억 달러의 충당금/준비금을 보유하고 있습니다. 다음은 은행들이 가장 최근의 데이터를 기반으로 적립한 현재 준비금의 일부입니다:

Factbox: How big US banks are managing bad loan reserves

 

Bank	Reserves Built / Reserves Released	As of
JP Morgan Chase	$2.3 billion	Q1 2023
Wells Fargo	$1.2 billion	Q1 2023
Goldman Sachs	$972 million	Q4 2022
Citigroup	$241 million	Q1 2023
Morgan Stanley	$234 million	Q1 2023
Bank of America	$124 million	Q1 2023

 

은행 변동성

중소 은행(자산 2,500억 달러 미만)은 경제에서 중요한 역할을 합니다. 이들 은행은 전체적으로 소비자 대출의 45%, 상업용 부동산 대출의 80%를 담당하고 있습니다.

Stress Among Small Banks is Likely to Slow the US Economy

하지만, 현재의 경제 상황과 은행 붕괴에 대한 두려움을 고려할 때, 이 은행들의 대출은 강화되고 있습니다.

현대 역사상 가장 큰 미국 은행 파산, 2001년 이후 상위 20개 은행 파산, 미국 은행은 어떻게 되는

전반적으로, 은행 부문의 지속적인 혼란은 은행의 수익성을 감소시키고 궁극적으로 경제 성장을 둔화시킬 것입니다.